• What is a “Retainer”?

    There are two different types of retainer agreement. A Classic or General Retainer is a fee that’s earned upon receipt. It is used to secure the lawyer’s availability in the future. It is also used to decline retention by any other party who you’re likely to oppose. Under a Classic Retainer, future services will be under a separate engagement agreement with additional fees. 


    A Special Retainer is a specified fee in exchange for specified services. This type of retainer is an advance on fees. When services provided exceed the advance, additional monies become due from the client. Any unearned fees will be returned to the client. 


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  • What is a “Flat Fee”?

    A Flat Fee or Fixed Fee is earned in full when your lawyer agrees to provide whatever services are specified in the fee agreement and/or engagement letter. If you ever decide to stop the representation, you’re entitled to reimbursement, less the amount earned for services already rendered. 


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  • How much will my matter cost?

    Our representation could last several months or, in some cases, more than a year. We’ll work with you to try and forecast legal fees and to design a manageable fee agreement. 


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  • What is a Fee Agreement?

    A Flat Fee or Fixed Fee is earned in full when your lawyer agrees to provide whatever services are specified in the fee agreement and/or engagement letter. If you ever decide to stop the representation, you’re entitled to reimbursement, less the amount earned for services already rendered. 


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  • Is there a fee for a consultation?

    We do not typically charge for an initial phone consultation, though nearly every matter requires an in-person consultation. We charge a $200 fee for the initial face-to-face consultation and intake interview.


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  • Can I recoup my attorney’s fees?

    Ohio courts don’t generally allow a prevailing civil litigant to recover attorney fees from the adverse party. However, if a contract or negotiable instrument provides for attorney fees, Ohio sometimes recognizes an exception. Please note, in some cases Ohio law prohibits or limits these kinds of attorney fee-shifting clauses. 


    Statutory exceptions sometimes also allow for the recovery of attorney fees. The Ohio Consumer Sales Practices Act is an example, which allows a prevailing party to recover attorney fees. 


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General / Working with an Attorney

  • What should I bring to my initial consultation?

    It helps to bring any relevant documents related to your matter - contracts, correspondence, court notices, police reports, or other paperwork.  The more context you can provide, the more productive the consultation will be.  Don't worry if you don't have everything; we can discuss what's needed during the meeting.

  • How do I know if I have a valid legal claim?

    The only reliable way to determine whether you have a viable claim is to speak with an attorney who can evaluate the specific facts of your situation.  Many legal issues that appear straightforward are not, and vice versa.  We encourage you to schedule a consultation rather than guess.

  • How quickly should I contact an attorney after a legal issue arises?

    As soon as possible.  Many legal claims are subject to statutes of limitations - deadlines by which a lawsuit must be filed or a right asserted.  Missing these deadlines can permanently bar your claim, regardless of how strong it is.  When in doubt, don't wait.

Lemon Law / Consumer Protection

  • What is Ohio's Lemon Law?

    Ohio's Lemon Law protects consumers who purchase or lease new vehicles that have a substantial defect that the manufacturer or dealer is unable to repair after a reasonable number of attempts.  If your vehicle qualifies, you may be entitled to a replacement vehicle or a full refund.

  • Does the Ohio Lemon Law cover used cars?

    Ohio's Lemon Law primarily applies to new vehicles.  However, used vehicles may still be protected under other consumer protection laws, such as the Ohio Consumer Sales Practices Act (CSPA) or federal warranty statutes, depending on the circumstances.  We can evaluate your situation during a consultation.

  • What is the Ohio Consumer Sales Practices Act (CSPA)?

    The CSPA is a broad Ohio consumer protection law that prohibits unfair, deceptive, or unconscionable acts or practices in connection with consumer transactions.  Violations can entitle consumers to actual damages, rescission of a contract, and in some cases, attorney fees - making it a powerful tool for consumers.

  • What kinds of businesses can be held liable under the CSPA?

    The CSPA applies to suppliers - any person or business that regularly engages in consumer transactions.  This can include car dealerships, contractors, retailers, service providers, and more.  If a business engaged in deceptive or unconscionable conduct in a consumer transaction, the CSPA may apply.

Defamation / First Amendment

  • What is defamation, and what do I need to prove?

    Defamation is a false statement of fact - made either in writing (libel) or verbally (slander) - that is communicated to a third party and causes harm to your reputation.  To prevail on a defamation claim in Ohio, you generally must show the statement was false, that it was published or communicated to others, and that it caused you damages.

  • Can an opinion be defamatory?

    Generally, no. Pure opinions that cannot be proven true or false are protected under the First Amendment.  However, a statement framed as an opinion that implies false underlying facts can still be actionable.  The line between opinion and fact is not always clear, and an attorney can help you evaluate your specific situation.

Estate Planning

  • Why do I need a will if I don't have many assets?

    A will does more than distribute property - it allows you to name a guardian for minor children, designate an executor to manage your estate, and ensure your wishes are carried out.  Without a will, Ohio's intestacy laws determine who receives your assets, which may not reflect your intentions.

  • What is the difference between a will and a trust?

    A will goes through probate, a court-supervised process that can be time-consuming and public.  A trust, by contrast, can allow assets to pass to beneficiaries outside of probate, often more quickly and privately.  Depending on your goals, one or both instruments may be appropriate for your estate plan.

  • What is a Durable Power of Attorney?

    A Durable Power of Attorney (DPOA) is a legal document that authorizes a person you designate - your "agent" - to make financial or legal decisions on your behalf.  "Durable" means it remains effective even if you become incapacitated, making it an essential part of comprehensive estate planning.

Criminal Defense / OVI

  • What should I do if I am stopped for OVI (drunk driving) in Ohio?

    Be respectful and cooperative with law enforcement, but be aware of your rights.  You are not required to answer potentially incriminating questions beyond identifying yourself.  Field sobriety tests and portable breath tests are not mandatory in Ohio.  You should contact an attorney as soon as possible after your stop or arrest to understand your options.

  • What are the consequences of an OVI conviction in Ohio?

    An OVI conviction in Ohio can result in fines, license suspension, mandatory jail time or a driver's intervention program, and a permanent criminal record.  Repeat offenses carry significantly harsher penalties.  The consequences can affect your employment, insurance rates, and freedom - which is why having experienced legal representation matters.